Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread body aches, plus multiple tender points, where even slight pressure can cause pain.  The tender points are commonly found on the back of the head, the side of the breastbone, shoulders, elbows, knees, and hips.  Other symptoms associated with fibromyalgia include fatigue, irritable bowel syndrome (diarrhea alternating with constipation), headaches, facial and jaw pain, numbness and tingling in the hands and feet, and dizziness.  Mental and emotional symptoms are frequently linked with fibromyalgia.  These include depression, anxiety, mood changes, difficulty with concentration, forgetfulness, and irritability.

     While fibromyalgia is associated with characteristic symptoms, it is often a condition that is misunderstood.  This is because the symptoms of fibromyalgia often mimic the symptoms of other disorders.  There are no laboratory tests or x-rays that can be used to diagnose fibromyalgia; therefore, patients are often told after tests by their doctors that they don’t know what is wrong.  Other conditions must be ruled out before fibromyalgia can be diagnosed.  The American College of Rheumatology has developed guidelines for the diagnosis of fibromyalgia: widespread aching pain must be present for at least three months and a minimum of 11 tender points must be exhibited.

     An injury or trauma, particularly to the upper spinal region, can trigger the development of fibromyalgia.  It is speculated that repeated nerve stimulation can cause an abnormal increase in the chemicals in the brain that signal pain.  Fibromyalgia occurs more often in women and those in early and middle adulthood.  Fibromyalgia can be a disabling condition that interferes with one’s ability to function at work and at home.

     Treatment for fibromyalgia is multifaceted.  Pain management consists of Tylenol, Aleve, and Motrin, and antidepressants are used to improve mood, improve the quality of sleep, and relax muscles.  Lyrica, an anti-seizure medication, is the first drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration to specifically treat fibromyalgia.  Local injection of steroids into tender points has proved helpful.  Additionally, stress reduction is important and includes relaxation techniques, biofeedback, and/or psychological support.  A low impact aerobic exercise program consisting of swimming, cycling, and biking, in addition to a healthy lifestyle, are also significant aspects of treatment.

    For more on fibromyalgia visit:

National Fibromyalgia Association at www.fmaware.org

National Fibromyalgia Research Association at www.nfra.net